Lua的完整文法

采用扩展BNF描述的Lua完整语法。在扩展BNF中，{A}表示0或多个A，[A]表示一个可选的A

文法部分:

chunk ::= block

block ::= {stat} [retstat]

stat ::= ‘;’ |
  varlist ‘=’ explist |
  functioncall |
  label |
  break |
  goto Name |
  do block end |
  while exp do block end |
  repeat block until exp |
  if exp then block {elseif exp then block} [else block] end |
  for Name ‘=’ exp ‘,’ exp [‘,’ exp] do block end |
  for namelist in explist do block end |
  function funcname funcbody |
  local function Name funcbody |
  local namelist [‘=’ explist]

retstat ::= return [explist] [‘;’]

label ::= ‘::’ Name ‘::’

funcname ::= Name {‘.’ Name} [‘:’ Name]

varlist ::= var {‘,’ var}

var ::= Name | prefixexp ‘[’ exp ‘]’ | prefixexp ‘.’ Name

namelist ::= Name {‘,’ Name}

explist ::= exp {‘,’ exp}

exp ::= nil | false | true | Numeral | LiteralString | ‘…’ | functiondef | prefixexp | tableconstructor | exp binop exp | unop exp

prefixexp ::= var | functioncall | ‘(’ exp ‘)’

functioncall ::= prefixexp args | prefixexp ‘:’ Name args

args ::= ‘(’ [explist] ‘)’ | tableconstructor | LiteralString

functiondef ::= function funcbody

funcbody ::= ‘(’ [parlist] ‘)’ block end

parlist ::= namelist [‘,’ ‘…’] | ‘…’

tableconstructor ::= ‘{’ [fieldlist] ‘}’

fieldlist ::= field {fieldsep field} [fieldsep]

field ::= ‘[’ exp ‘]’ ‘=’ exp | Name ‘=’ exp | exp

fieldsep ::= ‘,’ | ‘;’

binop ::= ‘+’ | ‘-’ | ‘*’ | ‘/’ | ‘//’ | ‘^’ | ‘%’ | ‘&’ | ‘~’ | ‘|’ | ‘>>’ | ‘<<’ | ‘..’ | ‘<’ | ‘<=’ | ‘>’ | ‘>=’ | ‘==’ | ‘~=’ | and | or

unop ::= ‘-’ | not | ‘#’ | ‘~’